'Rolling' a covered call position is the act of
buying back the short call option you've already sold and then selling another
one with a different expiration date or strike price (or both). It is an
important skill to have in order to maximize your time premium capture.
The key question is "When should I roll?" There is
no single answer as it depends on your outlook for the underlying stock, whether
there are any tax issues of assignment, your risk tolerance, if there are
earnings coming up, your transaction costs, the bid-ask spread on the options,
and the premiums being offered.
One common reason to roll is when there is little to
no time premium remaining in the option you are currently short. The whole
purpose of shorting the call option was to capture time premium. Once it is
gone, why stay short? Maybe if it has a few days to go and a few pennies of
premium left you can just let it expire (especially if your transaction costs to
buy it back are high).
But if there are more than a few days remaining and
you are trying to optimize the time premium per day you receive, then very often
it's best to buy back the option that only has a few pennies of time premium and
then sell another one that has more time premium. If you really want to maximize
your time premium capture then you should be short the option that has the
highest time premium per day at all times (but consider your transaction costs
for switching too often).
For example, if there was an option with 5 days
remaining trading at 15 cents then it has 3 cents per day of time premium. Maybe
the same underlying stock has another option with 35 days remaning selling for
$1.40 (same strike). That one has 4 cents per day of time premium remaining. But
maybe there is an earnings announcement before this 35-day option expires --
more risk (which is why there is more premium).
And what about capital gains/losses and tax
treatment? Do you want the stock called away so that it becomes a realized gain
or loss? Or is the stock in a tax-deferred account so it doesn't matter?
Unfortunately, there is no single best answer on
when to roll. But a tiny amount of time premium remaining in the option you sold
is a pretty good place to start thinking about rolling.
Born To Sell's Dashboard feature lets you see at a
glance how much time premium remains in each of your positions (as as %, $s per
share, or in absolute $s). You can sort by this attribute and then your most
likely roll candidates will be on the left. And the Roll Me feature shows you 15
scenarios side by side so you can compare the option you are currently short
with 14 alternatives... a real time saver, and premium maximizer.
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